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| 2. | Description |
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| 2.1 | Aims |
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- To introduce you to the concepts of formal experimental design and statistical analysis for scientific investigation. To familiarise you with the use of SPSS for statistical analysis of experimental data. To enable you to design and analyse your individual research project.
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| 2.2 | Objectives (teaching) |
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- You will acquire the knowledge and experience required principally from directed reading of the essential books listed below and by completing the directed practical exercises. Introductory lectures will set the scene for the work carried out each week. The assignments will develop your understanding further in the context of your individual research project and allow you to rehearse the design and analysis in advance. The lectures, exercises and assignments will cover the basic principles of experimental design as applied to scientific investigation, the concepts of sampling and statistical inference, commonly used parametric and nonparametric methods.
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| 2.3 | Objectives (planned learning outcomes) |
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| | Knowledge and understanding |
| Having successfully completed the module, you will be able to demonstrate knowledge and understanding in the following areas:
- Sampling and statistical inference
- Design and analysis of simple experiments
- Commonly used statistical methods.
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| | Cognitive (thinking) skills |
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- Having successfully completed the module, you will be able to:
- Evaluate alternative designs and analysis methods for simple experiments and choose appropriately
- Interpret the output from commonly used analysis methods and draw conclusions based on a combination of the analysis and the underlying science.
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| | Practical, subject-specific skills |
| Having successfully completed the module, you will be able to:
- Design and analyse simple experiments, drawing appropriate conclusions
- Use SPSS to perform common statistical analysis methods in audiology.
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| | Key transferable skills |
| Having successfully completed the module, you will have:
- Further developed skills in using computer packages including Excel and SPSS
- Further developed skills in written presentation of scientific material.
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| 2.4 | Teaching and Learning Activities |
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| | Teaching methods include |
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| - Twelve 1h 40 min taught sessions. Typical class size is 16-20 students. During these sessions there will usually be a short introduction after which you will work individually on an assigned computer following a prepared exercise, with tutorial support. The exercises are based of actual data in the hearing sciences from the lecturer’s own research.
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| | Learning activities include |
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| - Self-paced discovery while following exercises in class and discussing results with lecturer/tutor.
- You will be required to cover the majority of information about the statistical test methods by individual reading of the essential texts listed below, with access to ad hoc tutorial support from the lecturer. This is carried out in independent learning sessions and in your own time.
- Working on the set assignments will develop your ability to evaluate alternative experimental designs and analysis methods, assisted by discussions with the lecturer and your project supervisor.
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| 2.5 | Methods of Assessment (summative assessment) |
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| 2.6 | Feedback to students during module study (formative assessment) |
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| - Individual discussions with lecturer/tutor during exercises in class
- Individual tutorial assistance from lecturer as required. Lecturer adopts an “open door” policy.
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| 2.7 | Relationship between the teaching, learning and assessment methods |
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| - The assignments test your knowledge and understanding defined above as well as the cognitive and practical skills. You will be required to synthesise information acquired from lectures, exercises and independent learning supplemented by specifics of your individual research project. You will evaluate alternative designs and analysis methods critically and justify your choices. You will demonstrate your cognitive and practical skills by generating dummy data that represent your project, by performing appropriate statistical analyses and drawing justified conclusions. The quality of presentation of your assignments will demonstrate the transferable skills in communication and use of computer packages that you have acquired.
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| 3. | TOPICS COVERED |
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| - Samples and populations
- Descriptive statistics: mean, median and mode; range and standard deviation
- Probability distributions: discrete distributions; normal distributions, skewness and kurtosis
- Statistical power and sample sizes
- Experimental design: controls and bias; randomisation; balanced designs
- Estimation and hypothesis testing: t-test, non-parametric methods
- Linear regression: regression equation, tests of significance, multiple regression
- Correlation: product-moment correlation coefficient, non-parametric methods
- Analysis of variance and covariance: one-way ANOVA, factorial designs
- Repeated measures designs.
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| | Other library support |
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| The ISVR (E.J. Richards) Library and Hartley Library house additional texts that may be useful as background reading. | |
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| | Staff required |
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| The module is delivered by one lecturer | |
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| | Teaching space, layout and equipment required |
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| A lecture room with 25 seats with writing tables is required for up to 1h 40 min per week. The room must be equipped with overhead and slide projection facilities, and whiteboard. Occasional use of a data projector is required. The lecture room must be suitably equipped for hearing-impaired students as the module is often accessed by such students. (See also computer requirement below.) | |
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| | Laboratory space required |
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| None. | |
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| | Computer requirements |
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| A computer suite with sufficient PCs for each student to work individually all in one room is required for a fixed session of 1h 40 min per week. Each PC must run Microsoft Excel and SPSS for Windows. Individual access to PCs with Excel and SPSS is required at other times for independent study. The ISVR computer suite currently satisfies these needs. | |
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| | Software requirements |
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| Microsoft Excel and SPSS as described above plus Microsoft Office for preparation of assignments. SPSS Sample Power to assist experimental design. | |
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| | Off-campus activities |
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| None. | |
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| | Part-time/distance learning students |
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| The module is timetabled to facilitate both the full-time and the standard half-time mode of attendance available for the Audiology programme. | |
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| | Other |
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